Curr Biol：分散警觉可有效缓解疼痛感

近日，刊载在国际著名月刊Cell的子刊Current Biology上的一篇研究课题报告援引，来进行精神状态冲击（迟疑）的新方法可以使得咳嗽减低，然而这种咳嗽减缓减低的现像并不表现在头部。这项研究课题挖掘出是基于可用数字化的骨髓；也磁共振显像系统设计（fMRI系统设计），对人们由于高温招致的咳嗽水平进行时研究课题，研究课题洞察，精神状态冲击确实可以在的中心咳嗽处理早期抑制咳嗽接收器的兴起。来自汉堡-埃彭多夫学院医学院的研究课题者Christian Sprenger暗示，这种现象并不仅仅是一种精神状态现象，而是一种热衷于的脑部机制，可以增高从脑飙升至大脑高阶地带的咳嗽接收器。

这种现像相关到了诱导的类物质，这种物质产生自大脑，在减低咳嗽的步骤中起着不可或缺角色。研究课题人员让与会者分别完成一个直观或者一个较难的记忆性任务，必需他们记住信件的手写章节，同时给与会者胳膊上施以高温。进行时较难任务的与会者来得心烦意乱时，他们会感到小得多的咳嗽，通过fMRI系统设计反映造出这些与会者的脑地带活性来得相当低，fMRI举例来说是用来精确测量大脑活性的改变。

Sprenger和他的同事然后重复了实验，这次他们给予与会者一种抑制剂-钠洛酮（抗休克的理想抑制剂，可以阻挡类抑制剂的现像）或者基本上的大湖流进，整体而言，相比之下只流进基本上大湖的与会者，可用类抑制剂抑制的与会者由于注意力混杂，招致的咳嗽减缓增高了40%，因此指造出诱导的起着不可或缺依赖性。

研究课题者的挖掘出洞察了精神状态步骤可以全面性地改变人们的咳嗽经历，并且对于临床也有极其不可或缺的意义。研究课题者暗示，我们的研究课题挖掘出给咳嗽疾病治疗法共享了认知犯罪行为治疗法的新方法。（生物谷：T.Shen编译）

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.006PMC:PMID:

Attention Modulates Spinal Cord Responses to Pain

Christian Sprenger1, , , Falk Eippert1, Jürgen Finsterbusch1, Ulrike Bingel1, 2, Michael Rose1, Christian Büchel1

Reduced pain perception while being distracted from pain is an everyday example of how cognitive processes can interfere with pain perception [ [1], [2], [3], [4] and [5]]. Previous neuroimaging studies showed distraction-related modulations of pain-driven activations in various cortical and subcortical brain regions [ [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] and [11]], but the precise neuronal mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unclear. Using high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging of the human cervical spinal cord in combination with thermal pain stimulation and a well-established working memory task [12], we demonstrate that this phenomenon relies on an inhibition of incoming pain signals in the spinal cord. Neuronal responses to painful stimulation in the dorsal horn of the corresponding spinal segment were significantly reduced under high working memory load compared to low working memory load. At the individual level, reductions of neuronal responses in the spinal cord predicted behioral pain reductions. In a subsequent behioral experiment, using the opioid antagonist naloxone in a double-blind crossover design with the same paradigm, we demonstrate a substantial contribution of endogenous opioids to this mechanism. Taken together, our results show that the reduced pain experience during mental distraction is related to a spinal process and involves opioid neurotransmission.